Hvem daterte Ptolemaios II Filadelfos?

Ptolemaios II Filadelfos (gresk: Πτολεμαῖος Φιλάδελφος; født 309 f.Kr. – død 246 f.Kr.) var konge av ptolemeiske kongedømme i Egypt fra 283 f.Kr. og til 246 f.Kr., i 37 år. Han var sønn av grunnleggeren av kongedømmet, Ptolemaios I Soter, og farens fjerde ektefelle, Berenike. Han ble utdannet av grammatikeren Filetas fra Kos. Han hadde to halvbrødre, Ptolemaios Keraunos og Meleagros, begge ble konger av Makedonia, henholdsvis i 281 og 279 f.Kr. Ptolemaios ble først gift med Arsinoe, datter av Lysimakhos, som ble mor til hans legitime barn, senere benektet og forviste han henne for å gifte seg med sin søster Arsinoe II, som var enke etter Lysimakhos. Han styrte formelt sammen med Ptolemaios Epigonos, «arvingen» / «sønnen», egentlig hans nevø, men adoptert som sønn og uttenkt som arving. Det ble likevel hans sønn Ptolemaios III Euergetes som etterfulgte ham, og Epigonos døde i 240 f.Kr.

I løpet av Ptolemaios' styre steg den materielle og litterære prakten ved hoffet i Alexandria til et høydepunkt. Han fremmet biblioteket og museion i Alexandria, og han reiste en minnesøyle eller stele, Den store Mendes-stelen.

Bilistike (gresk: Βιλιστίχη) eller Belistike var en hellenistisk hetære eller kurtisane av ukjent opprinnelse. I henhold til Pausanias var hun en makedoner; i henhold til Athenaios tilhørte hun argeadedynastiet (den gamle kongefamilien i Makedonia); i henhold til Plutark var hun en utenlandsk slave som var kjøpt på markedsplassen.

Hun ble elskerinnen til Ptolemaios II Filadelfos, konge og farao av det ptolemeiske kongedømme i Egypt fra 283 f.Kr. og til 246 f.Kr. Han guddommeliggjorde henne som Afrodite Bilistike. I henhold til Klemens av Alexandria ble hun gravlagt i helligdommen til Serapis i hovedstaden Alexandria. Det er mulig at Bilistike fødte sønnen Ptolemaios Andromakos, og som var gammel nok til å delta i slaget ved Andros ca. 245 f.Kr.

Kleino (3rd-century BC) was an Ancient Greek musician and courtier.

She was a professional flute player, active in the Greek city of Alexandria in Egypt. She was appointed to the prestigious office of vine bearer to the king, Ptolemy II of Egypt. She became a well known public figure. Polybius reported that several public statues of her were seen all over Alexandria.

Stratonice (Greek: Στρατονίκη; fl. possibly late second half of 4th century BC and first half of 3rd century BC) was a Greek noblewoman of very high status and was the wife of the Ptolemaic official Archagathus of Libya.

Stratonice is an unattested person and is only known through surviving evidence. When her husband was an Epistates in Libya serving in Cyrenaica, Stratonice and her husband Archagathus on marble piece made a dedication of a temenos to Isis and Serapis at Alexandria on behalf of Archagathus’ maternal uncle, the Ptolemaic prince Ptolemy II Philadelphus and his maternal grandmother the first Ptolemaic Queen Berenice I of Egypt. The record is dated from ca. 283 BC-278 BC and is on display in the Greco-Roman Museum of Alexandria. The inscription below translated in Greek and English reads:

ὑπὲρ βασιλέως Πτολεμαίου

τοῦ Πτολεμαίου καὶ Βερενίκης

Σωτήρων Άρχάγαθος Άγαθοκλέους

ὁ ἐπιστάτης τῆς Λιβύης

καὶ ἡ γυνὴ Στρατονίκη

Σαράπιδι Ἴσιδι τὸ τέμενος.

King Ptolemy

son of Ptolemy and Berenice

the Saviours Archagathus son of Agathocles

epistates of Libya

and his wife Stratonice

Serapis, Isis of temenos.

Stratonice made a dedication, to Ptolemy II's sister the Ptolemaic princess Arsinoe II. The original statue she dedicated was a Hellenistic original statue of Arsinoe II which must be dated from 280 BC-278 BC. The original Hellenistic statue of Arsinoe II was later copied as a Roman statue. The text from the Roman copy below translated in Greek and English reads:

Βασίλισσαν Ὰρσινόην βασιλέως

Πτολεμαίου καί βασιλίσσης Βερενίκης

Στρατονίκη βασιλέως Δημητρίου

Queen Arsinoe daughter of King

Ptolemy and Queen Berenice

Stratonice daughter of King Demetrius

The inscription reveals she was a daughter of a King Demetrius and there is a possibility that she could identified as an otherwise-unknown daughter of Greek Macedonian King Demetrius I Poliorcetes. According to the suggestions of L. Morretti (RFIC 93, 1965, 73) and R.S. Bagnall (Philologus 120, 1976, 195) that Stratonice may have been the sister of Alexander, son of Demetrius I Poliorcetes and Deidamia. Alexander lived his remaining life as an honorary hostage in Egypt and Stratonice may have accompanied him to Egypt. Alexander and Stratonice may have accompanied their maternal uncle Pyrrhus of Epirus to Egypt in c.299 BC when Pyrrhus lived as a hostage in the country. Stratonice is not to be confused with Stratonice of Syria, the known daughter of Demetrius I Poliorcetes of this name, who married as the second wife of Seleucus I Nicator and the wife of Antiochus I Soter. If this suggestion is correct, Stratonice was born at the same time as her husband between 301 BC-298 BC. There is no record of any children born to her marriage to Archagathus.

Stratonice may have been the same Stratonice who had a celebrated Mausoleum at Eleusis near Alexandria and was a later mistress of Ptolemy II.

Mnesis (fl. 3rd century BCE) was a mistress of Ptolemy Philadelphus. According to Athenaeus, she was a flute-player.