Hvem daterte Ludvig XV av Frankrike?

Ludvig XV (født 15. februar 1710 på slottet i Versailles, død 10. mai 1774) var konge av Frankrike fra 1715 til sin død.

Han var sønnesønnssønn av sin forgjenger Ludvig XIV. Han var sønn av Ludvig, hertug av Burgund (Le petit Dauphin), som igjen var sønn av Ludvig, Dauphin av Frankrike. Hans far, hans farfar og hans eldre bror Ludvig, hertug av Bretagne, hadde dødd av helsemessige årsaker i løpet av regjeringstiden til Ludvig XIV. Derfor gikk arven i henhold til kongens ønske til ham.

Ludvig XV var fem år da han ble gjort til konge, og ble fram til sin 13-årsdag 15. februar 1723 assistert av sin fetter som Régence, hertug Filip II av Orléans.

I alt regjerte han i 59 år, og moderne historikere tolker dette som at han stod for et klokt styre. Men hans regjeringtid ble likevel preget av ulike forhold, blant annet forholdet til elskerinnen Madame de Pompadour som svekket hans egen makt og som undergravde kongedømmet. Selv om han var lojal mot monarkiets ritualer og systemer, trakk han seg etter hvert unna og levde et mer privat liv med madame de Pompadour. Dette ble også problematisk da hun bodde i umiddelbar nærhet til resten av den kongelige familien.

Videre overlot han en rekke politiske beslutninger til den beleste og velorienterte madame de Pompadour, som han hadde stor tillit til.

Som troende katolikk unngikk Ludvig å motta skriftemålets sakrament, siden han visste at han da ville ha fått beskjed om å bryte forholdet til henne. Dette gjorde at han heller ikke kunne motta eukaristien og av den grunn ikke delta i de kongelige pliktene i tilknytning til blant annet påsken, og dette skapte folkelige reaksjoner. Ved sin død var han en upopulær konge.

Sønnen Ludvig Ferdinand døde av tuberkulose. Ludvig XV ble derfor etterfulgt av sin sønnesønn Ludvig XVI.

Louise-Jeanne Tiercelin de La Colleterie (26 December 1746 – 5 July 1779), known as Madame de Bonneval, was a mistress to King Louis XV of France from 1762 to 1765. She was the king's Petite maîtresse (unofficial mistress), not his Maîtresse-en-titre (official mistress).

Marie-Anne de Mailly-Nesle, marquise de La Tournelle, duchesse de Châteauroux, née le 5 octobre 1717 à Paris, paroisse Saint-Sulpice, où elle est morte, le 8 décembre 1744, est une favorite de Louis XV.

Jeanne Antoinette Poisson, Marquise de Pompadour (, French: [pɔ̃paduʁ] ; 29 December 1721 – 15 April 1764), commonly known as Madame de Pompadour, was a member of the French court. She was the official chief mistress of King Louis XV from 1745 to 1751, and remained influential as court favourite until her death.

Pompadour took charge of the king's schedule and was a valued aide and advisor, despite her frail health and many political enemies. She secured titles of nobility for herself and her relatives, and built a network of clients and supporters. She was particularly careful not to alienate the popular Queen, Marie Leszczyńska. On 8 February 1756, the Marquise de Pompadour was named as the thirteenth lady-in-waiting to the queen, a position considered the most prestigious at the court, which accorded her with honors.

Pompadour was a major patron of architecture and decorative arts, especially porcelain. She was a patron of the philosophes of the Enlightenment, including Voltaire.

Hostile critics at the time generally tarred her as a malevolent political influence, but historians are more favorable, emphasizing her successes as a patron of the arts and a champion of French pride. Modern historians suggest that the critics of Pompadour were driven by fears over the overturning of the existing hierarchies that Pompadour's power and influence represented, as a woman who was not born into the aristocracy.

Lucie Madeleine d'Estaing, dame de Ravel, est née le 10 mai 1743 à Paris et morte le 7 avril 1826 à Clermont-Ferrand.

Françoise de Chalus (bap. Chalus, 24 February 1734 - Paris, 7 July 1821), was a French noblewoman and courtier. She was the mother of Louis, comte de Narbonne-Lara, possibly by King Louis XV. She was the lady-in-waiting of Louise Élisabeth of France in 1749–59, and the influential favorite lady-in-waiting of Princess Adélaïde of France in 1764–1800.

Marie Anne de Coislin (1732-1817), was a French aristocrat, known as the mistress to Louis XV of France in 1755. She was the king's Petite maîtresse (unofficial mistress), not his Maîtresse-en-titre (official mistress).

She was the daughter of the marquis Louis de Mailly (1696-1767) and the lady-in-waiting Anne Françoise Elisabeth Arbaleste de Melun and married in 1750 to the duke Charles Georges René du Cambout de Coislin (d. 1771), but they separated early on and she moved back with her parents.

In 1755, Louis François, Prince of Conti launched her as his candidate to replace Madame de Pompadour as official mistress of the king. She was the first serious candidate to be put up against Madame de Pompadour since Charlotte Rosalie de Choiseul-Beaupré, and she was also to be the last. She did succeed to be the secret lover of the king, which attracted some attention at court. She became known as l'altière Vasthi. Ultimately, however, the plot failed, and she was ousted from court by Madame de Pompadour. After this, there was no more serious rival to replace Madame de Pompadour, and the king mainly settled with his unofficial lovers at the Parc-aux-Cerfs.

Marie Anne de Coislin had affairs with the Prince de Conti and the count de Coigny, and was claimed to have had affairs with Christian VI of Denmark, Gustav III of Sweden and Peter III of Russia. It is unknown if these rumours where true, but Christian VI and Gustav III did visit her during their visits to Paris, which attracted attention at the time.

She did not leave France during the French Revolution, but lived as a servant in Rouen, Brittany and Vendée during the Reign of Terror. After the fall of Robespierre, she resumed her former life and property. She remarried in 1793 to Louis-Marie duc de Mailly (d. 1795).

Irène du Buisson de Longpré (c. 1720–1767), was a French noblewoman, mistress to Louis XV of France. She was the king's Petite maîtresse (unofficial mistress), not his Maîtresse-en-titre (official mistress).

Marie Thérèse Françoise Boisselet (1731 – 1800) was a petite maîtresse of King Louis XV of France.

Boisselet was born to Pierre Sulpice Boisselet and Marie Thérèse Carouailles. Her father was an employee of the king's kitchen staff, with the title 'Contrôleur de la Bouche du Roi et chef du gobelet de Mme la Dauphine'. Marie Thérèse Françoise Boisselet was described as a beauty, and she agreed to become the lover of the king. The affair was not an official one; she was recruited to be a petite maîtresse (unofficial mistress) of the king in Parc-aux-Cerfs. She had one child with the king, Charles Louis Cadet de Gassicourt (1769–1821).

In 1771, she married the chemist Louis Claude Cadet de Gassicourt, who adopted her son. According to Paul Thiébault, Louis XV benefitted the career of Cadet de Gassicourt in the Royal Academy because of his marriage to his former lover.

Louise Julie de Mailly Nesle, condesa de Mailly (1710-París, 1751) fue la mayor de las cinco hermanas de Nesle, cuatro de las cuales fueron amantes del rey Luis XV, en su caso lo fue de 1732 a 1742.

Diane Adélaïde de Mailly-Nesle, Duchesse de Lauraguais (11 February 1713 – 3 November 1769 in Paris) was the third of the five famous de Nesle sisters, four of whom would become the mistress of King Louis XV of France. She was his mistress on and off from 1742 to 1745.

Marguerite-Catherine Haynault (1736–1823) was a French noblewoman, mistress to Louis XV from 1759 to 1762. She was the king's Petite maîtresse (unofficial mistress), not his Maîtresse-en-titre (official mistress).

She was born in Paris as the daughter of the tobacco merchant Jean-Baptiste Haynault and Catherine Coupris de La Salle. In 1759, she was recruited to be a petite maîtresse (unofficial mistress) of the king in Parc-aux-Cerfs by Dominique Guillaume Lebel.

She served as the king's lover with Lucie-Madeleine d'Estaing, who lived in the Parc-aux-Cerfs at the same time and alternated with her, one replacing the other in the king's bed during their pregnancies; Louise-Jeanne Tiercelin de La Colleterie was also housed there, while Anne Couppier de Romans had refused and was given her own house. She had two daughters with the king: Agnès-Louise de Montreuil (born 1760) and Anne-Louise de La Réale (born 1762), who were officially registered with two officers as fathers. Her daughters were both taken from her, raised in the convent school Chaillot, and given noble status, dowries and arranged marriages with noblemen as adults.

The king discontinued their relationship in 1762, and she was awarded a pension. In 1766, she married Blaise Arod, Marquis de Montmelas-Saint-Sorlin (d. 1815).

She left France during the French Revolution and lived abroad during the Reign of Terror. After the fall of Maximilien Robespierre, she returned to France, applied to be removed from the list of emigres and reclaimed her property.

Pauline Félicité de Mailly-Nesle, née à Paris en 1712 et morte le 9 septembre 1741, par son mariage comtesse de Vintimille (1739), est une favorite de Louis XV.

Marie Catherine Éléonore Bénard (Catherine Éléonore Bernard; 1740 – 23 February 1769) was a French lady-in-waiting and alleged petite maîtresse to King Louis XV of France in 1768-69.

Marie-Louise O'Murphy de Boisfaily, även kallad Mademoiselle de Morphy eller la belle Morphise, född 21 oktober 1737 i Rouen, död 11 december 1814 i Paris, var älskarinna till Ludvig XV av Frankrike. Hon hade denna roll 1753–1755, varefter hon ersattes i denna roll av sin syster Brigitte.

Anne Couppier de Romans (1737 –1808) was a petite maîtresse (unofficial mistress) of King Louis XV of France from 1760 to 1765.

Madame du Barry, geboren als Marie-Jeanne Bécu (Vaucouleurs, 19 augustus 1743 – Parijs, 8 december 1793), was een beroemde maîtresse van Lodewijk XV van Frankrijk. Zij was van bescheiden afkomst, maar haar relaties met rijke mannen vergrootten haar sociale status aanzienlijk.